Estimate federal income tax owed based on taxable income and brackets.
Using IRS 2024 federal income tax brackets for Single. State taxes, deductions and credits are not included.
| Rate | Income Range | Taxed Amount | Tax Owed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10% | $0 – $11,600 | $11,600.00 | $1,160.00 |
| 12% | $11,600 – $47,150 | $35,550.00 | $4,266.00 |
| 22% | $47,150 – $100,525 | $37,850.00 | $8,327.00 |
| 24% | $100,525 – $191,950 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
| 32% | $191,950 – $243,725 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
| 35% | $243,725 – $609,350 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
| 37% | $609,350 – ∞ | $0.00 | $0.00 |
| Total | $85,000.00 | $13,753.00 | |
Marginal rate is the rate on your last dollar earned; effective rate is your average rate across all brackets (13,753 ÷ 85,000).
An income tax calculator is a free online tool that estimates your federal income tax owed based on taxable income, filing status, and the current IRS tax brackets. Use it to estimate your tax liability, marginal tax rate, and effective tax rate for the 2024 tax year.
The U.S. uses progressive tax brackets: each portion of taxable income is taxed at the rate for the bracket it falls into. Tax = Σ (income portion in bracket × bracket rate). Your marginal rate is the rate on your last dollar earned; your effective rate = total tax ÷ taxable income.
A single filer with $85,000 of taxable income in 2024 owes about $13,753 in federal income tax — an effective rate of 16.2% and a marginal rate of 22%.
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